In the academic year 2020-21, there was a significant decrease in the enrollment of Muslim students in higher education, according to a report based on data from the Unified District Information System for Education Plus (UDISE+) and the All India Survey of Higher Education (AISHE). The number dropped from 21 lakh in 2019-20 to 19.21 lakh, marking a decline of 1.79 lakh students.
The report indicates an 8.5% drop in enrollment among Muslim students aged 18-23 during this period. The percentage of Muslim students relative to the total enrollment also slightly decreased from 4.87 in 2016-17 to 4.64 in 2020-21.
While there was an overall increase in Muslim student enrollment from 17,39,218 in 2016-17 to 19,21,713 in 2020-21, the decline in the most recent academic year is a cause for concern.
Regional Disparities and Dropout Rates
The report highlights disparities across states, with Bihar and Madhya Pradesh showing low Gross Enrolment Ratios for Muslim students. This suggests that a considerable number of Muslim children in these states are still out of the education system. Furthermore, the representation of Muslim students decreases from Class 6 onwards and is at its lowest in Class 11 and 12.
Assam and West Bengal recorded high dropout rates among Muslim students, with 29.52% and 23.22%, respectively. Jammu and Kashmir had a lower rate at 5.1%, while Kerala recorded 11.91%.
Challenges and Recommendations
The report identifies financial constraints as a significant challenge for many Muslim students, particularly those from low-income families. To address this, it recommends implementing targeted support and inclusive policies, including increasing the number of scholarships, grants, and financial aid opportunities specifically for Muslim students.
Arun C. Mehta, former Professor of the National Institute of Educational Planning and Administration, prepared the comprehensive report titled “The State of Muslim Education in India.” The report emphasizes the need for concerted efforts to bridge the educational gap and ensure equal opportunities for all students, irrespective of their background.
