By Syed Hyder Ali Kashif
Dr. Manmohan Singh, widely regarded as one of India’s most influential economists and leaders, left an indelible mark on the nation’s economic and political landscape. Born on 26th September 1932 in Gah, Punjab, British India (now in Pakistan), Singh rose to global prominence through his visionary economic policies and transformative governance. Tragically, he passed away on Thursday, 26 December 2024, at the age of 92, after being admitted to AIIMS Delhi in critical condition. His passing marked the end of an era in Indian politics.
Early Life and Education
Dr. Singh’s journey began in the small village of Gah. After the partition in 1947, his family relocated to Amritsar. An academically gifted individual, Singh earned degrees from Punjab University, Cambridge University, and Oxford University, culminating in a D.Phil. in Economics from Nuffield College, Oxford. His educational foundation laid the groundwork for his exceptional career in academia, governance, and policy-making.
Professional Journey: Economist to Policymaker
Dr. Singh’s professional life began in academia and public service, where he held key roles such as:
- Chief Economic Advisor to the Government of India.
- Governor of the Reserve Bank of India.
- Deputy Chairman of the Planning Commission.
However, his defining moment came in 1991 as India’s Finance Minister under Prime Minister P.V. Narasimha Rao. At a time of economic crisis, Singh introduced bold liberalization policies, which included devaluing the rupee, reducing trade barriers, and attracting foreign investments. These reforms transformed India into a global economic power and earned him widespread acclaim as the architect of modern India’s economic resurgence.
Key Milestones During Singh’s Career
- Economic Liberalization (1991): Dr. Singh’s reforms lifted India from the brink of bankruptcy, paving the way for sustained growth and globalization.
- Historic Governance: As Prime Minister from 22 May 2004 to 26 May 2014, Singh’s leadership was marked by inclusive development and significant policy initiatives.
- Landmark Acts:
- Right to Education Act (2009): Ensured free and compulsory education for children aged 6-14.
- Right to Information Act (2005): Empowered citizens with transparency in governance.
- National Food Security Act (2013): Provided affordable food grains to two-thirds of the population.
- Land Acquisition Act (2013): Ensured fair compensation for displaced individuals.
- Forest Rights Act (2006): Restored land rights to tribal communities.
- Indo-US Nuclear Deal (2008): Strengthened India’s global standing and bolstered energy security.
- MGNREGA (2005): Provided rural employment and uplifted millions from poverty.
Reserved Yet Resolute
Known for his soft-spoken and humble demeanor, Dr. Singh’s reserved nature often drew attention. During his tenure as Prime Minister, he conducted only three formal press conferences in ten years. Critics questioned his silence, but supporters lauded his focus on action over rhetoric. As a scholar-politician, Singh allowed his work to speak volumes, exemplifying the adage, “Actions speak louder than words.”
Personal Life and Integrity
Married to Gursharan Kaur, Dr. Singh was a devoted family man and father to three daughters. Known for his simplicity and ethical standards, he remained a paragon of integrity throughout his career, avoiding ostentation and focusing on public welfare.
Singh’s Legacy
Dr. Singh’s remarkable achievements continue to shape India’s trajectory. His contributions include:
- Transforming India into an economic powerhouse.
- Championing social welfare through impactful policies.
- Establishing India’s global reputation as a responsible democracy.
His tenure as Prime Minister was defined by rapid GDP growth, a surge in foreign investments, and landmark legislative reforms. Globally, he was celebrated as a visionary leader whose economic foresight inspired nations worldwide.
Final Days and Passing
In 2024, after serving an unparalleled 33 years in the Rajya Sabha, Dr. Singh retired from active politics. Despite his retirement, he remained a respected voice in economic and political discussions. On 26 December 2024, his sudden demise left the nation mourning the loss of a statesman who had dedicated his life to India’s progress.
A Global Icon
Dr. Singh’s passing is mourned not only in India but across the world. As a leader, economist, and reformer, his legacy transcends borders. He will forever be remembered as a man whose quiet determination changed the course of history.
